Having the same problem, "Catalyst Control Center cannot be started there are currently no settings that can be configured using Catalyst Control Center" message.
I have serious suspicion catalyst installer is screwing up somehow. CCC is installed into Program Files\ATI Technologies, right? The contents of that folder for me is a single cccutil64.txt file saying "ccc utility 64bit install".
Card is Sapphire's HD7770, OS is Win 7 64b, I haven't upgraded the driver, it is a fresh install of 12.6 after buying the new card an uninstalling nvidia software.
I'v tried reinstalling just CCC. I've tried completely uninstalling all AMD stuff using native uninstallers and control panel. Reboots on each stage. Nothing helped.
And yes, after a while I've even tried purging all install info with driver sweeper after reboot in safe mode. But dont tell me that's whats causing the problem. The problem was there long before I used the sweeper. And yes, that didn't help either.
All the other driver catalyst related stuff seems to work. I even got a nice frame rame boost in Skyrim upgrading to 12.7 beta. So the display driver installed and workes perfectly. Why wown't the damn CCC do the same?
Edit: Also tried to run "sfc /scannow", verification went ok, 100%. Doesn't seem to be windows problem either. So what the hell?